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DHA - What is DHA?

DHA in Fish Oil

DHA stands for docosahexaenoic acid. It is an Omega-3 fatty acid (the other one is EPA -eicosapentaenoic acid) and is found in the body, but in higher quantities in the brain, eyes and heart. This is why when we think of DHA, we think of it primarily as being beneficial for the brain, eyes and heart. Without sufficient levels of DHA, brain and eye coordination is hampered. 


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DHA's benefits are not limited to the brain, eyes and heart however. Tests and studies conducted in the past have shown that DHA has far reaching benefits for overall health. Even healthy individuals need to ensure that they're getting sufficient amounts of DHA by eating fatty fish and organ meats regularly. A high potency fish oil supplement, for example, is rich in both EPA and DHA.

The North American diet is such that it can't maintain healthy levels of DHA since many people don't have the time to prepare home cooked healthy meals; they have grown accustomed to eating quick and processed foods. When people experience low concentration, poor memory and mood swings, that's a sign that perhaps their DHA levels are running low.

There are no official recommendations for how much DHA we need, but the one fact remains: we need DHA. Without it, our health is at risk.

DHA Study

Numerous studies were carried out in an effort to document the advantages of DHA to human health and one study cited by Dr. Byron Richards concerned people with Alzheimer's who were given a DHA omega 3 supplement for six months. The supplementation led to increased DHA levels in their blood cells. In particular, the white blood cells of these patients effectively fought inflammation brought about by toxins.

The patients were given 1700 mg of DHA per day, and they consumed fish oil that was modified to contain more DHA than EPA.

In another study, the Journal of Pediatrics (vol. 143, issue 4, October 2003, pages 17-25) reported on a study conducted by five doctors on infants and concluded that "…that there is a significant relation between the total DHA equivalents provided and effectiveness as defined by visual acuity measurements at 4 months of age."

The context of this study was premised on the observation that healthy babies who are not breast-fed may need long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) because of possible changes in plasma and tissue fats. It was however difficult to document this in spite of the 14 controlled trials in terms infants using formula feeding with and without LCPUFA, so the researchers decided to look at the "effect of DHA dose provided daily on the development of visual acuity to explain the differences in visual acuity responses across randomized studies.”

DHA Benefits for Preventing Type 2 Diabetes and Liver Disease

There continues to be several research studies that are being done by the agricultural scientists in the United States that reveal the facts about the health benefits of omega 3 fatty acids that come from common cold water fish. The health benefits may help individuals gain needed protection from diabetes and other chronic diseases.

Researchers have investigated the role between two important omega 3 fatty acids derived from fish oil called DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and another fatty acid called CLA (they used the trans-10 and cis-12 CLA forms).

This 8 week study showed that the DHA did indeed protect against two known side effects of the CLA; specifically, CLA induced insulin resistance and another called CLA-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Sadly, insulin resistance is on the rise in the USA and there are estimated to be between 36 million to 57 million Americans that are currently insulin resistant. The reason this fact is important is that insulin resistance is a precursor to type 2 diabetes, which is expected to triple by 2050.
Since non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can cause liver cancer and cirrhosis of the liver, taking a high potency fish oil supplement containing DHA as a means to protect your liver is important.

Benefits of DHA

Dr. Barry Sears is the author of The Omega RX Zone (Harper Collins, 2002) and said this about DHA:

"Trying to maintain your brain function without adequate DHA is like trying to build the sturdiest brick house in town without enough bricks. You might have the best architect, the best location, and the best contractor, but if you don't have enough bricks, the dream house will never be built properly. Without adequate DHA, your brain can't function adequately and can't form new neural connections, let alone maintain old ones.”

Even if DHA is said to benefit the brain, eyes and heart, it can also promote health in different ways.

The University of Maryland study explains that DHA may help:

  • People diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Although the results were mixed, ADHD is what happens when the brain experiences an imbalance, so fish oil supplements could increase DHA levels and stave off more serious consequences.
  • People who are depressed. Again, the results are inconclusive, but if we can say with certainty that low DHA may lead to mood swings, we don't see how DHA would not increase a person's ability to avert the symptoms of depression.
  • Newborns. Babies need sufficient amounts of DHA for growth and development, especially as it relates to their visual acuity and central nervous system.
  • People who suffer from chronic pain. Many people who have consumed fish oil supplements reported experiencing less rheumatoid pain. Even women who have regular menstrual cramps say that taking fish oil supplements has diminished the number of painful periods.
  • People with high triglyceride counts. People with excess triglycerides are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease and fish oil supplementation may help reduce people's triglyceride count.

Finally, DHA may help prevent the thinning of blood and may benefit red blood cells so that potential blood clots can be prevented.

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